The purpose of this research is to provide basic data for building a hospital infection management system by analyzing the awareness and performance of the nurses regarding the hospital infection management. The research was descriptive and it utilized surveys. The survey was conducted on 170 nurses at hospitals where the number of beds exceed 100. The data was collected during December 2012. The research tool employed in 「Mi-Ae Choi and Gyung-Suk Park (2002)」 was used which consists of 5 areas: hand washing, fluid therapy and catheter management, urinary tract infection management, respirator management, and management of sterilized articles. There were 40 questions on awareness and performance each, 7 general questions, and 8 hospital infection management questions. The reliability of the survey exceeded Cronbach’α =0.729 for awareness and Cronbach’α =0.759 for performance. The data was technically analyzed using SPPS for Win (12.OK), t-test, ANOVA and significance level was set at 0.05. The result of the research is as follows: 1) Participants showed the following in general questions: Age, ‘below 46-55’-67 (42.10%); Married-142 (83.50%); Christianity-71 (42.00%); Education level – ‘College & University’-103 (63.30%). Their positions, ‘Nursing assistant’-72 (42.60%); ‘Nurses’-98 (57.40%); Total work experience, ‘Over 11 years’-61 (35.90%), hospital work experience, ‘Below 3 years’-118 (69.40%). 2) The hospital infection management questions are as follows: Provision of infection management guide, ‘Provided’-83 (48.80%); Education, ‘Being educated’-88 (51.80%); Necessity for education, ‘Necessary’-166 (97.60%); Isolated spaces, ‘None’-87 (51.20%); Utility of protective equipment, ‘Easy’-94 (55.30%). The biggest reason for not being able to perform infection management was, ‘Insufficient equipment’-78 (46.20%); The importance of hospital infection management was, ‘Very important’-133 (78.20%); performance was, ‘Important’-67 (39.40%); and ‘Very important’-61 (35.90%). [Numbers represent people] 3) The awareness was higher looking at the difference: awareness 4.77 points and performance 4.44 points. The urinary infection management showed the biggest difference, and management of sterilized articles were most similar. In conclusion, awareness had higher points compared to performance in the overall hospital infection management by nurses in hospital. The awareness was directly proportional to the performance. Therefore, it seems that detailed, practical education and evaluation regarding the performance are required in order to resolve the hospital infection management problems with systematic methods, with service quality evaluation on hospital infection management issues of hospital in mind.