Increases in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders have raised global concerns, and the education of
children with autism has been the focus of clinicians, educators, and parents worldwide. Although some
concepts regarding autism are similar across countries, identification of children with autism and their
eligibility for special education services may differ. A systematic review was made of special education laws
for eligibility of autism classification in Japan, Korea, the UK, and the US and their relationship to the
UN Conventions on the Rights of the Child and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The International
Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF – CY) was used to compare assessment tools for
children with autism. The results of the study indicated that there is variability in how children with
autism are defined and considered eligible for special education across the four countries. Special education
laws were based on the rights of equal and fair educational opportunities for children with special
education needs. A match of content of common measures with ICF-CY codes indicated that two of the
major measurement tools view children with autism as having restrictions in their abilities to perform
activities rather than having a loss of physiological and psychological functions. The common language and
framework of the ICF-CY may be a useful approach for teachers and parents in identifying children with
autism and providing special education for them.