This paper analyzed the childcare policies implemented by the Ministry of Gender Equality, Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development and Ministry of Health and Welfare based on the three criteria of accessibility, quality, and operational efficiency. The trend of increasing women’s participation in labor markets since the early 1990s, a growth of double income family, single parents, and families that have a single child has created an environment where children have to take care of themselves at home without supervision of their parents. Children under no protection at home left them to be vulnerable to the victims of crimes, criminal offenders and the other negative social implications. The negative ramifications of the abandoned children at home led government to work on the policy responses. I found that little progress has been made in childcare services even after the government’s policy responses. The policies have not taken into account area-specific needs of the services, and childcare centers fall short of, especially in the rural areas(accessibility). Quality of the services faced criticism from experts and the parents whose children experienced the programs. Government’s little attention to improving job skills of care center workers is often mentioned as a source of low quality of the programs (quality). And, finally, the programs lacked monitoring and evaluation tools, and the weakness contributed to create a problem that the services provided are not responding to the client’s specific needs (operational efficiency). As a result, the problems in accessibility, quality, operational efficiency, ultimately, led childcare programs to be marginally competitive and not to be responsive to their clients’ expectation. To tackle the problems, I suggest that a comprehensive policy scheme be made to ensure effective use of workforce and supporting system. I put forward two key elements of the new policy responses: 1) community socail work-based childcare policies need to be made; and 2) the roles of central and local governments should be clarified. Building a network among local agencies, institutions, and groups will provide the possible alternative to improve the quality of childcare services. In the meantime, best practices of childcare policies in advanced countries indicated that the role of federal government is limited to design general policy guidelines and local governments work on the services fitting for the specific needs of the policy clients. Future childcare policies should incorporate the elements into the new policy scheme.