The purpose of this study is to empirically develop and evaluate an identity development model for people with disabilities. The concept of disability identity means integration between self-acceptance with the disabled and perception of attitudes toward the disabled. By this time, there is no scale and definition about disability identity, Thus, this study was intended to extract the items from literature reviewing on the identity and the minority identity and tried to perform contents analysis based upon the focus group interview and in-depth interviews on the persons with spinal cord injury, and examined the validity through explorative factor analysis and then confirmatory factor analysis.
The analyses were proceeded with following three step. In step 1, sub-dimensions and items were developed. In step 2, items were modified by pilot test. In step 3, the final model scale was verified by explorative factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.
The scale of 23 items was proved to be a reliable instrument(Cronbach = 0.867) and categorized into five sub-dimensions. The first dimension is \'personal worth\' with 8 items; the second is \'self-acceptance with the disabled\' with 4 items; the third is \'individual civil right\' with 4 items; the forth is \'common cause\' with 3 items; and the fifth is \'external barriers\' with 4 items. All the analyses revealed that the structure of the model scale was reasonable fit(TLI: .989, CFI: ,991, RMSEA; .051) and valid tool to evaluate disability identity.
This study might be meaningful in respect that it is the one that introduced the concept of disability identity to an academic society of disability study and developed a related scale. Finally, we could suggest that both subjective and objective self constitute the disability identity, which could make us to understand the psycho-emotional effect on the disability from social perspective.