This study is aimed to investigate systematic and legal supports of children who have their one parent and to research the current policies and projects for their better lives. It becomes important and initial data that provide the children with stable lives by searching and solving any problems. First, the meaning of a family with one parent and its reason of occurrence are presented. And its policy, compensation, payment, transmittable system, financial resources, relative laws are researched. Also current institutions and major programs and their problems are presented. The problems are revealed poverty, lack of the expense of bringing up a child, impractical medical insurance and so on. To solve these problems financial support, training for being employed, the expense of bringing up a child, nursing facilities could be useful;therefore they could make the families stable and independent.