Social worker\'s private practice at the United States of America and Europe has become an alternative to professionalization. However, earnest and open discussion about private practice is not gone in Korea up to now. Therefore, in this study, necessities of private practice were investigated in the both sides of clients and social workers through existing literatures. And misunderstandings and worries about private practice were reappraised. And through looking at the process of development, current system, and function of private practices in the United States of America, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, and Sweden, the relationship between agency practice and private practice was analysed. Also, we interviewed 7 social workers among a few pioneering private practice workers in Korea. Their experiences gave us management know-how and realistic issues of private practice. On the basis of these findings, educational, systematic, and professional coping strategies were suggested for activating private practice in Korea.