This study analyzed the relationship among the professional status of elementary school teaching profession, social stratification factors, and professional traits. Especially this study was concerned with the mediating effect of social stratification factors for the relationship between the professional status of elementary school teaching profession and professional traits. Professional traits were consisted of professional knowledge and technique, monopoly, and ethics. Social stratification factors were prestige, economic degree, atonomy and the exclusion for the intervention of others. Professional status meant the degree of professionalism and the recognition as professional job. The subjects of this study were 201 the elementary school teachers(male, 42, female 159) in Seoul, Kyung-gi and Gangwon Province in Korea. Questionnare was used to gather the data of study. Results of this study were likethese. First, elementary school teachers perceived their professional status and traits high, but social stratification factors middle. Second, the perception of these was not differed by the working area, but female elementary school teachers perceived their prestige and economic degree higher than the male ones. And the elementary school teachers over 16 years career perceived the professional status of elementary school teaching profession and professional traits higher than the ones under 16 years career. Third, professional status and ethics, professional status and professional knowledge and technique, professional status and monopoly, and professional status and prestige were meaningfully related. The variables that influenced on the professional status meaningfully were ethics, professional knowledge and techniques, and prestige. Fourth, prestige had a mediating effect between ethics and professional status. And it had a mediating effect between professional knowledge and technique and professional status, too. It was suggested that elementary school teachers should have stronger ethics, enlarge professional knowledge. There were some limitations for the sampling of the study subject and questionnare scales, so it is needed to be careful in interpreting the result of this study.