The purpose of this study is to describe the process in which the college of education as a new type of secondary teacher education institute was created after the liberation and made a legal basis. In addition, this study aims to analyze what the creation of the college of education means and what characteristics the first colleges of education have formed. The main contents of the study are ① the background and the process of the creation of the college of education system, ② the establishment and the operation of the college of education in 1940's, ③ the legislation of the college of education and so on. The college of education was born on the basis of the higher education policy at that time which propelled the experiences of teacher education through the normal school and the higher education policy of the unification into the 4-year university. The government emphasized the nature of college of education as a purposeful institute and approached in the similar way with the normal school. However, the college of education as a kind of college, especially with the position of university, constituted the academy-oriented nature very strongly.