The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of infant-toddler communicative gestures and
maternal parenting behaviors on infant-toddler vocabulary and the relation between them. The study
was conducted with 219 infant-toddler from 10 to 24 months old and their mothers of nursing
facilities in J, I, and G cities, Jeollabukdo. The results of the study are as follows. First, there was
generally positive correlation between infant-toddler communicative gestures and vocabulary. Second,
there was generally positive correlation between maternal parenting behaviors and infant-toddler
vocabulary. Third, according to the results of the study of infant-toddler communicative gestures and
maternal parenting behaviors on infant-toddler vocabulary, their receptive language was influenced by
representational gesture, indicative gesture, instructional parenting behavior, permit-threshold setting
parenting behavior, and conventional gesture in the order of intensity, and expressive language was
influenced by representational gesture, indicative gesture, and instructional parenting behavior in the
order of intensity. In the effects of infant-toddler communicative gestures and maternal parenting
behaviors on infant-toddler vocabulary, representational gesture was the greatest variable. It was
shown that infant-toddler communicative gestures had greater effects on infant-toddler vocabulary
than maternal parenting behaviors did.