A theory of ‘meta-education' is a part of exploring an endogenous theory of education, which claims that education should be understood by independent concepts and researches distinguished from those of other heterogeneous disciplines. Theoretically, we could, not only learn how to learn and how to teach, but also teach how to learn and how to teach. We could improve learning and teaching transtalents through ascending and descending education. With this conceptualization as an analytic scheme, this study reviews the lifelong career and devotion of Yi Hwang, generally known to us as a Confucian scholar who has theorized the moral philosophy of the Choson Dynasty and decisively influenced Korean Confucianism. He devoted himself to teaching Confucianism to his apprentices. Eventually, his efforts resulted in spreading the new theory of Confucianism among people under his influence and in founding a school that has survived through the generations until the present. There are two aspects in his meta-education. One is that his educational life itself is a form of meta-education, and the other is that he specifically and directly taught how to learn and how to teach. Until now, researches on Yi Hwang has mainly focused on his philosophy and scholarship. However, this study concentrates on revealing the educational aspect of his life based on an endogenous theory of education. The significance of this study lies in uncovering such remarkable meta-educational facts that might have been ignored due to the lack of an adequate theory. The findings of this study will hopefully enrich the present explanations and researches about him and also prove to be a historical case that supports the idea of meta-education.