This study aims at re-conceptualizing performance and learning paradigms-two representative HRD paradigms from the viewpoint of education-centered theory. According to Swanson, human resource development is defined as the process of developing human expertise at individual, team and organizational level for the purpose of improving performance. As a long-standing paradigm, performance paradigm has focused on improving organizational efficiency and effectiveness rather than individual. While, learning paradigm prioritize on developing learning capacities of individual. From the perspective of education-centered theory, performance paradigm is similar to the viewpoints of mundane worlds centered on economic value while learning paradigm is similar to those of transcendental world. Learning paradigm seemed to advocate the intrinsic value of education unlike performance paradigm, however, it is still limited in that the result of learning should ultimately contribute to organizational performance. The main difference lies in the assumption of learning between education-centered theory and learning paradigm. From the transcendental world, learning is assumed to reconstruct one`s own experience, while learning is assumed to accept other`s ideas from the learning paradigm. Therefore, HRD needs to accept the individuality of our learning from the intrinsic value of transcendental world to improve the discussion of learning paradigm.