The purpose of this study is to suggest a direction for improvement of music textbooks based on theory of music education. Previous studies were reviewed with consideration for the development of music textbooks. The direction was classified in two categories; structure of organization and selection/organization of contents. The followings directions were suggested; 1) unit organization based on the conceptualism; 2) free-style organization for comprehensive musicianship; 3) active participation of students based on constructivism; 4) discovery new music through multiculturalism.