The purpose of this research is to verify the effects of traditional plays and traditional songs on the happiness and leadership of young children. Research issues First, what is the effect of traditional play and traditional songs on the happiness of infants? Second, what are the effects of traditional play and traditional songs on young children s leadership? The subjects of the study were 38 children (experimental group n=19, control group, n=19) in nursery. For the measure of happiness, the measurement tool developed by Lee, Eun-Ju(2010) and the teacher s rating scale developed by Kim, Sung-Sook(2008) were used. The traditional play and traditional songs are structured to learn knowledge, concepts, beliefs and values of Korean culture and tradition. In addition, developmental tasks were considered in consideration of the developmental characteristics of infants. This program consists of Play with peers and cooperative play rather than individuals. The traditional play and swaying activity is the 5th year old curriculum which is the national level curriculum. Results, It can be seen that the traditional play activities at early childhood education institutions are effective for the happiness and leadership of infants. This suggests that traditional play and traditional song are very important activities for happiness and leadership and can be actively used in education field. An experience like this suggests a necessity of the education for leaders who can lead the future as a competent member of the society.