This study suggests that the verb-te-ageru sentence structure in Japanese and the verb-eo-juda sentence structure in Korean correspond to each other on the surface and examines their hierarchical syntactic structure and aspectual meaning. More specifically, verb-te-ageru sentence and Vern-eo-juda sentence bothe take the form of a complex sentence structure in terms of their deep structure, a control structure in terms of the derivation structure, and a simple sentence structure in terms of the surface structure. verb-te-ageru sentence and Verb-eo-juda sentence also express telicity and atelicity in regard to their aspectual meaning. These findings were obtained through the analysis of the negative polarity items (NPIs), agreement of nagatives (Neg), and idiomatic expressions in Korean and Japanese. Also, to analyze the aspectual meaning, the Japanese temporal adverb kan/kande and the Korean temporal adverb dongan/mane. were examined. Based on the above findings, this study suggests that the mutual correspondence between the Japanese V-te-ageru sentence and the V-eo-juda sentence arises from their identical syntactic structure and aspectual meaning.