가정은 한 사회를 이루는 가장 기본적인 단위이며 한 개인의 성장에 가장 핵심적인 영향력을 미치는 기본환경으로 정의된다. 그러나 현대사회가 다양한 가치와 문화를 가지는 시대로 변화함에 따라 가정 내에 갈등 요인과 기능, 가정의 형태, 구조적 변화 등이 전통적인 가정의 형태와는 많이 변화되었음을 보여준다. 특히 배우자의 사망과 이혼, 별거, 직업의 특수성으로 인해 한부모와 자녀로 구성된 한부모 가정이 늘어나고 있다(황정향, 2008) 안향림(2006)은 부모가 이혼한 자녀는 사회적, 행동적 정서적, 학업 등의 문제에 걸쳐 많은 상처를 받게 되는데 건전한 아동들이 발달단계에서 이혼과 관련하여 나타나는 문제는 분노와 공격적 행동, 슬픔과 낮은 자아 존중감과 우울증, 학업 부진, 사춘기나 성인이 되었을 때 인간관계에서 생기는 문제 등의 순으로 나타난다고 하였다. 우울이란 Bleuler에 의해 처음 사용된 것으로 슬픈 감정의 정도가 심하고 오래된 상태라
This study was conducted based on the premise that children suffering from parents' divorce require psychological intervention. The aim of this study is to reduce children’s depression, enhance their self-esteem and change their language and behavior (such as biting their finger nails) by providing art therapy for children who exhibited depression and low self-esteem after their parents' divorce. The target of this study was a 6th grade boy at an elementary school in “D” city, Jeollabukdo, who was living with his mother and his twin brother due to his parents' divorce. During the art therapy his parents’ divorce was in legal process. The program was carried out at E art therapy institution from March 2, 2009 to June 22, 2009. The therapy session was held 16 times for 50 minutes once a week. Above all, to determine the change in depression and self-esteem, the Korean Children's Depression Inventory, self-esteem index, House, Tree, and People (HTP) drawing test, self-esteem change of each section so on were analyzed before and after the therapy program. The results for the gradual change process such as the child's language, behavior (biting his finger nails) and so on were the following: First, the depression of the child from the divorced family decreased by participating in the art therapy program. Second, the self-esteem of the child from the divorced family was enhanced by performing the art therapy. Third, the art therapy has significant effects on the language, behavior (biting his finger nails) and the gradual artistic expression change process of the child from the divorced family. For depression change, although the CDI score was 26 points which correspond to serious depression in the pre-test and higher score was obtained in the items related with depressive emotion, and on the interpersonal relationship trouble, the score decreased to 13 points after providing the program. For self esteem change, general self esteem, especially in society and family improved to 11 and 12 points respectively. For language, behavior (biting finger nails) and gradual artistic expression change process, his ability to express his thoughts and emotions in the artistic activities improved, his biting finger nails disappeared, and his expression ability increased. These results show that art therapy program is useful in decreasing the depression and improving the self-esteem of the child from the divorced family and is helpful in minimizing his biting finger nails habit and in improving his artistic expression ability.
Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구방법 Ⅲ. 연구 결과 Ⅳ 논의 및 결론 참고문헌
