This article is a literature research on depression. The studies on the relationship among mindfulness, optimism, metacognition and depression were reviewed to identify the trends and issues of depression studies.
Firstly, the researches about the relationship between optimism as a personal characteristic factor and depression were surveyed. Secondly, the relation between mindfulness and depression was examined. Cognitive therapy demonstrates the effectiveness on mitigation of depression. However, with beginning on some criticism of the relapse of depression, mindfulness, that are spot lighted as the critical factor on the prevention of the relapse of depression, was examined on the relation with depression. Finally, metacognition was discussed for the diagnostic implication of depression. Even though metacognition is a similar concept with mindfulness in meta cognitive self- consciousness, it was identified that metacognition stressed on the information processing aspect and depression.
Keywords:depression, dispositional optimism, mindfulness, metacognition