The purpose of this study is to review the literature about music self-concept and to explore the implications on early childhood music experience by re-recognizing the importance of early childhood music experience and major factors influencing it. For this, a search for definition, development, characteristics, and structure of self-concept at the top of hierarchical structure was conducted. This derived analysis and discussion related to artistic self-concept away from factors of general self-concept. Next, the study presented an analysis about the music self-concept that distinguishes it from the whole artistic self-concept and variables mainly influencing the formation of self-concept. The implications of this study are summarized as follows. Music self-concept is a concept that integrates what one perceives about individual musical ability and music-related behavior. It has a multi-faceted and hierarchical structure like general self-concept. The music self-concept that affects music achievement, internalization of music, self-esteem, and social self-concept is also influenced by musical experience and its interpretation, evaluation from other important people, and musical interest of oneself. Music self-concept is the factor that determines the direction, strength, and persistence of individual musical actions. Based on the research, the implications of the results were discussed.