The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of burnout of music therapist on therapeutic alliance and mediating effects of self-care. For this, we did a survey about 158 domestic music therapists, and results are below. First, one of the music theraist s self-care strategies personal counseling, personal music therapy, group music therapy, and personal supervision showed significant difference. Secondly, according to the result of analyzing a relationship between burnout, therapeutic alliance, and self-care of music therapist, a relationship between emotional burnout and therapeutic alliance showed significantly negative correlation and all lower factors of burnout showed significant correlation. Thirdly, burnout makes negative effect on therapeutic alliance and self-care. Self-care made positive effect on therapeutic alliance and professional self-care made higher effect. Fourthly, the whole self-care and lower factors as personal self-care and professional self-care mediate, and specially, professional self-care showed higher significance probability. Therefore, the significance of this study is that this study has identified the mediating effects of self-care between burnout of music therapist and therapeutic alliance to prevent burnout and raised the importance and necessity of self-care.