This study was designed to examine the effect of early childhood teachers humanities literacy on empathy ability and teaching efficacy. The scale of humanities literacy was taken from Kim Young-il (2014), the Interpersonal Response Index (IRI) developed by Davis (1980) and adapted by Park Sung-hee (1994) served as the empathy ability scale. Finally, Jeong-mi Lee s (2018) early childhood teacher teaching efficacy scale was used for this study s teaching efficacy scale. Study participants comprised of 301 kindergarten and daycare teachers, and the collected data were analyzed using Pearson s correlation coefficient and Regression analysis. The findings were as follows. First, there was a significant correlation between the early childhood teachers humanities literacy, empathy ability, and teaching efficacy. Second, the regression between humanities literacy and overall empathy ability was significant, and reading literacy, history literacy, and artistic literacy were all significant predictors except for literary and philosophical literacy. Third, the regression equation for participants humanities literacy teaching efficacy overall was significant, and reading literacy, history literacy, and literary and philosophical literacy except artistic literacy were all significant predictors. These results suggest the need to enhance professionalism using the humanities-style education of early childhood teachers.