This study verified the mediating effects of emotional control modalities in the relationship between adult attachment anxiety and satisfaction of romantic relationship among male and female college students. To this end, a survey was conducted on college students attending a four-year university, and a total of 342 people were used for the final analysis. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 and AMOS 21 to independent samples t-test, correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis, bootstrapping analysis. The findings were as follows. First, Adult attachment anxiety was higher among female students than male students, and active emotional control was used by male students more than female students. Second, Adult attachment anxiety in both male and female students was related to romantic relationship satisfaction and negatively correlated. Male students’ adult attachment anxiety showed avoidance-distraction way and positively correlations, support-seeking way and negatively way, and female students’ adult attachment anxiety showed active way and misalignment, avoidance-distraction way and negatively correlations. also, Male students’ Romantic Relationship Satisfaction, active way and support-seeking way showed positively correlated, and avoidance-distraction way showed negatively correlated. Female students’ Romantic Relationship Satisfaction and avoidance-distraction way showed negatively correlated. Third, male students showed no significant mediating effect of emotion regulation style in the relationship between adult attachment anxiety and satisfaction of romantic relationship, but in female students, avoidance distributed emotion control style showed complete mediating effect. Finally, we discuss the importance and limitations of this study and propose further studies.