This study investigated the role of job search self-efficacy in the relationship between career anxiety and career plan, as well as the effects of grades, academic achievement, and peer relationship satisfaction for career-related variables. Data were drawn from 599 university students who participated in the Youth Panel survey, and structural equation modeling was performed. The results showed that career anxiety had a negative effect on career plans by mediating job search self-efficacy. As grades, academic achievement, and peer relationship satisfaction increased, the level of career plan also tended to increase. The better the grade, the higherthe career anxiety. Finally, it was found that the greater the satisfaction with peer relationships,the greater the job search self-efficacy. These results suggest that interventions to enhancethe self-efficacy of finding employment among university students are effective for helping them endure career-related anxiety and enter an uncertain job market in a planned and strategic manner. They also indicate that in addition to academic endeavors, maintaining a good relationships with one’s school peers is critical for career development. Strategies to improve students’ employment and career issues are discussed, and implications are drawn for future research.