This study aimed to survey the birth, meaning, and history of the proof of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, which was selected one of very difficult seven mathematical problems at Clay mathematical institute in May 2000, which could be tried to solve in 21st century for mathematicians. This study also aimed to understand and determine the possibilities of the proof for the conjecture.
With this effort, this study can be a starting point for the mathematicians and can show the efforts of mathematicians for difficult mathematical problems to the students who are interested in mathematics. This study included the mathematical meaning and basic concept of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, efforts of mathematicians who tried to prove the conjecture, and the history of ongoing proofs up to now.