The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the EBDT could predict the emotional behavior problem of children in transitional elementary school. The subjects of this study were children aged 6 years before school, and the predictive power of the EBDT, the difference between the parent and teacher ratings, the response characteristics of the drawing test, and the characteristics of each sub-factor were compared. For this study, the results of 72 children in transitional elementary school children, their parents and teachers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do were used as analysis data. For the collected data, multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis of major variables were performed using the SPSS 25.0 program. As research tools, the Emotional Behavior Drawing Test (EBDT), the Korean version of the Childhood Behavior Checklist for Parents (K-CBCL), and for Teachers (K-C-TRF) were used. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that the EBDT predicts the emotional behavior problem of children in transitional elementary school. Second, differences in ratings between parents and teachers for the same child appeared in the relationship between the EBDT and the Parent/Teacher Infant Behavior Evaluation. Third, as a result of analyzing the correlation between the sub-factors of the Childhood Behavior Checklist and the EBDT evaluated by parents and teachers, the more likely the child's emotional behavior problem is, the higher the frequency of using picture cards showing anger and aggression. As shown above, the EBDT is a useful projective picture test that can distinguish even the emotional behavior problem of children in transitional elementary school, and it is meaningful that it can predict the emotional behavior problem of children through quantitative and qualitative interpretation. In addition, it is expected that the EBDT can be useful in the field of counseling and psychotherapy as a tool to predict various psychological factors.