The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between mothers’ psychological control, their parental emotional philosophy, and children’s social anxiety, and to test the mediating effect of parental emotional philosophy on the effect of mother’s psychological control on children’s social anxiety. This study surveyed 50 children enrolled in the 5th and 6th grades of elementary school, and conducted ‘Parent Meta-Emotion Interview (PMEI)’ with 50 mothers of the children across the country, including Seoul and Gyeonggi. The findings of the present study are as follows. Constraining Verbal expressions, personal attack and guilt induction, and erratic emotional behavior in the maternal psychological control were negatively related to the subfactors of maternal meta-emotion philosophy. Invalidating feelings, love withdrawal, and guilt induction in the maternal psychological control were positively related to children’s social anxiety. Emotion acceptance of children’s emotions and children’s emotional regulation were negatively related to children's social anxiety. Second, the results showed that child’s emotion regulation had an indirect effect that fully mediated the pathway through which maternal guilt induction affected children’s fear of unfamiliarity. Therefore, interventions to reduce social anxiety in children and adolescents should take into account the parenting environment and focus on protective factors such as promoting children’s emotional competence.