This study aims to investigate the effect of creative drama activity using picture books on the peer competence of children with maladaptive behavior. The subjects of this study were 60 6-year-old children, chosen by utilizing the PBQ and peer competency scale. The authors selected 12 infants included in both categories: as six in the experimental group and six in the control group. The play program creative drama activity using picture books included eight sessions. The experimental group performed creative drama activity using picture books, while only picture books were provided to the control group. For processing the obtained data, pre- and post-group mean and standard deviation, t-tests were performed using SPSS WIN 21.0, and the changed behavior was observed. As a result of the study, the authors found that children with maladaptive behavior experienced a positive effect on peer competence through creative drama activity using picture books.