This study starts from the question whether it is possible to clarify the subject of civil liability according to each type of school safety accident. The existing papers on school safety accidents focus on legal approach to responsibility classified by subject. In addition, we are witnessing continuous lawsuits related to school safety accident and in most cases whether teachers are responsible for the accident or not is still critical to the judgement. In order to resolve this question, on the basis of numerous papers and precedents, this study classifies types of accident that is possible to occur in school by the subject of responsibility. As a result types of subject of civil liability can be classified. Today the Act on the Prevention of and Compensation for Accidents at School is literally carried out in two aspects: prevention and compensation. Given these circumstances, follow research needs more detailed and reasonable legal review about each type and discussion on concrete scope of responsibility by subject. Consequently reference framework for types of responsibility in school safety accidents should be enacted and then the issue of where the responsibility for a school safety accident lies should be clarified, which, in turn, will lead the Act on the Prevention of and Compensation for Accidents at School to undergo improvements in a way that prevents lawsuit abuse.