The purpose of this study was to provide a basis for nursing program development for aspiration pneumonia prevention by identifying nurse\'s knowledge, attitudes and practice of preventive nursing for aspiration pneumonia in elderly. Methods: Data were collected from a total of hospital 357 nurses, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Scheffe test, Dunnett T3 and Pearson correlation coefficient with the SPSS (Version 19.0) program. Results: The level of education, experiences with elderly patients with aspiration pneumonia, and recognition of the need for education on prevention of aspiration pneumonia in elders all showed statistically significant differences according to the nurse\'s knowledge, attitudes and practice of preventive nursing for aspiration pneumonia in elderly. There were significant positive correlations among nurse\'s knowledge, attitudes and practice of preventive nursing for aspiration pneumonia in elderly. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the need of program development for nurses on preventive nursing intervention for aspiration pneumonia of the elderly in hospital.