본 연구는 초․중․고 학생들의 과학자에 대한 인식, 과학과 관련된 경험, 과학 주제에 대한 선호도, 과학에 대한 태도를 조사하여 남․여 학생들의 차이를 알아보았다. 초등학생, 중학생, 고등학생 총 281 명을 대상으로 설문지 조사를 실시하였고 연구 결과는 연구문제에 따라 t검정, 교차분석, 변량 분석 (ANOVA), 상관관계 분석을 하였다. 과학자들에 대한 학생들의 인식은 성 별에 따라 차이가 없었다. 남학생은 여학생들에 비해 다양한 도 구와 물건을 사용한 물상 관련 경험을 많이 한 것으로 나타났고, 여학생들은 정적이며, 실생활과 밀접한 경험을 많이 한 것으로 나타났다. 남학생들은 기술과 물상에 관련된 주제에 많은 흥미를 보였고, 여학생들은 생물과 실생활에 밀접한 과학 주제들에 대해 흥미를 보였다. 남학생들은 과학이 재미있고 흥미로우며, 쉽고, 강력하고 가난한 사 람을 도울 수 있다고 긍정적으로 인식하고 있었으며, 여학생들은 과학이 어렵고 지겹다고 부정적으로 인식하고 있었다. 과학과 관련된 경험․과학 주제에 대한 흥미․과학에 대한 태도사이의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 경험 과 흥미사이에는 낮은 상관(r= .162)을 보였고, 흥미와 태도사이에는 그보다 높은 상관(r= .336)이 있는 것으로 나타났다(p< .01).
Female students have lower achievement in science and are less interested in science-related careers than male students(AAUW, 1992; Oakes, 1990). A number of studies have shown the fact that science-related experiences for boys and girls are not the same. Extracurricular science experiences may impact students\' attitude toward science and career selection but, they did not pay much attention to students\' science-related experiences in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine students\' attitudes and experiences related to science. The survey included a questionnaire designed to elicit students\' perceptions of science and scientists, out-of-school science experiences, science topics of interest, and characteristics of future jobs. The reponses of 281 elementary, middle, and high school students were analysed. The instrument \'Science and Scientists\'(Sjoberg et al., 1995) was used. Chi-squre analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were used to analyze the results. Results showed gender differences in science experiences, attitudes, and perceptions of science and careers. Boys tend to have more experiences related to the physical sciences. Boys reported more experiences with studying the inside of radio or T.V., climbing a tree, making bow and arrows, using a variety of tools such as rope, pulleys, and a saw. Girls tend to have more experiences related to everyday life and the biological science. Girls reported more experiences with knitting, making cloths, making natural color dies, making a sieve, preserving food, and making bread. More male than female students were interested in topics about physical science such as atomic bombs, cars, flying, lightning and thunder, and latest developments in technology. More females were interested in topics such as test tube babies, musical sounds, animal sound, children in other parts, and cooking. When asked about future jobs, male more than females liked jobs making and inventing new things and having more time for friends. Female more than males, wanted to become famous. Students\' perceptions of science showed that significantly more females than males reported that science is not interesting, boring, and difficult to understand. This shows that girls have more negative attitude to the science than boys. There were significant correlations between experiences and interests(r= .162), and between interests and attitudes(r= .336). But there was no significant correlation between experiences and attitudes.
I. 서 론 II. 연구 방법 및 절차 III. 연구 결과 및 논의 IV. 결론 및 제언 참고문헌
