Early modern scholasticism was a vibrant and pluralistic intellectual tradition that played its full part in seventeenth and eighteenth-century philosophy. The very best of scholastics made remarkable contributions to the new intellectual movement of the era. They developed new ideas and theoretical positions within their inherited paradigms of arguments, and patiently examined novel ideas by recourse to arguments of authority and the weight of tradition. This early modern scholastic movement included not only Thomists and Scotists, but also Jesuits and even protestant schools. Jesuits showed remarkable openness to new intellectual trends. And their sincerity and passion in academic debates about scholastic tradition produced many revered scholastics such as Francisco Suarez. As a result, all of early modern scholastic schools are important to the history of philosophy not simply because they cast light much needed on the ‘founding fathers’ of modern thought, or because they provide a clear window on how an ancient and medieval patrimony was disputed and appropriated throughout the course of the early modern era. They repay serious study because they attempted to explain to an age so preoccupied and smitten with thoughts of change and innovation, the verities of a rich philosophical heritage.