The purposes of this study were to examine the differences in personality traits of college students according to their gender and to investigate the relations of parenting attitudes and college students’ personality traits. Questionnaires were completed by 286 college students (129 of male and 175 of female students) and included measures of parenting attitudes scale and the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP). Research findings were as follows: First, college students’ personality traits were significantly different in terms of their gender. Second, mother's and father's negligence had significant effects on college students' neurosis. Mother's gentleness had significant effects on college students' extroversion, while father's gentleness had effects on their friendliness and sincerity. Research results showed that mother's patenting attitudes explained total 7% of college students' extroversion, 15% of friendliness, 4% of neurosis, and 9% of sincerity. Father's patenting attitudes explained total 5% of college students' neurosis, 10% of friendliness, and 9% of sincerity. However, the parenting attitudes had no statistically significant effects on college students' open-mind. The findings of this study suggest that parenting attitudes are very important factor in the development of person's personality. Also, the study implies that understanding of the influences of parenting attitudes on college students' personality trait is required for better and healthier school and social adjustment of college students.