John Dewey defined education as continual reconstruction or reorganization of experience. This study aims to analyze Dewey's purpose reflected in this definition and the meaning of it. He criticized traditional definition of education, education is transmission of knowledge, in that it is not suitable to modern society which is changing rapidly and bursting with information, and in that knowledge is not the reflection of metaphysical reality but an warranted assertion. He paid attention to knowing rather than knowledge. According to him, knowing takes place by experience which is interaction between an individual and his environment in a situation. And experience grows cumulatively. This means that knowledge, habit, and intelligence are acquired and grown by experience. Therefore Dewey defined education as reconstruction or reorganization of experience which adds to the meaning of experience, and which increases ability to direct the course of subsequent experience. This means that education is connected with the method of reconstructing or reorganizing of experience. In other words, growth of experience depends on the method. Dewey suggested reflective thinking, theory of inquiry as the best method human has ever devised. Therefore the most educative experience is reflective one which follows the method of reflective thinking. In this regard, Dewey's theory of education is conducive to Korean education which places emphasis on cultivation of thinking ability.