Ⅰ. Preface The preschool education is, here, devided into two parts of kindergarten education in Korea and home education to survey the actual conditions of it. Ⅱ. Necessity and Purpose of the Survey 1. A Survey of Kindergarten Education The importance of the preschool education is admitted. There are many foreign countries, where the education is put in effect as a compulsory one. The rate of the kindergarten attendance in Korea is, however, only 2.796. Before planning some certain ways for the development of kindergarten education, a survey .of the actual state of it must be preceded. 2. Actual Status of home Educatioh for the early Children Many of psychologists and educators had, through their studies, certified that the infant period educationally the most important part of our human beings. This study aims, in order to instruct the infants most effectively and efficiently, to research how the infants have been educated from their embrys periods, and to grope for an effective method of instruction by analizing it so scientifically, and to organize .the method. Meanwhile it is very important as well that the infants wrong attitudes formed by a wrong instruction from their earlier time must be well educated. Ⅲ. Method of Survey 1. A Survey of Kindergarten Education This survey of the kindergarten education is practiced just through both of references and questionaires for some kindergartens: so kindergartens are chosen from 588 in Korea by a random sampling, and only 82 question aires (18.2%) among them which were sent are collected to analize them by percentage. 2. Actual Status of Home Education for the Early Children In order to research how the infants’ parents had educated than at home, the questionares used here are classified from their developmental stages, and regionally analize the actual status. And prenatal period the home education for the and infancy period is analized according to the parents’ educational backround, religion and the economic status. The region for survey is originally decided by a random sampling:Seoul, Cyeonggi, Chung narn, Jeonbug, Gyungbug, nam. The questionaires of 3,200 sheets were sent and 2,337 sheets are collected; the rate of collection is appeared in 74%. Here the persentage is used as a criterion to compare them. Ⅳ. Conclusion 1. A Survey of. Kindergarten Education 1) The problems from the administration of them are due to both of lacking of the understanding between the government and society and economic conditions. 2) The criteria to select the children in kindergartens are an order of arrival and an interview. 3) Most of kindergarten wants the economical support from the government. 4) A very low salary is to, comparing to the workers in employees in kindergartens. 5) A difference in various facilities among kindergartens is heavily shown. 6) According to each of kindergartens, there is a big difference in facilities to play and arrangement of books for libraries. 7) The kindergartens where the curriculum is planned weekly is figured 40%, and 20% of them is appeared top plan it for each semester. 8) 20% of kindergartens is shown teaching as same subjects as in primary schools. 9) The main subjects in kindergartens are music, talking, drawing, handicrafts and dancing: especially music and talking are the most important ones. 10) The administrators admit that the kindergarten education is very effective for the children, and that the children easily fall into, however, a certain overproud and obstinacy. 11) A kind of political consideration for the development of kindergarten education must be followed. 2. Actual Status of Early Home Ec!ucation for Children 1) The actual status of the prenatal education ⑴ The parents’ opnion about the number of their children which they want to have onlytwo sons and one daughter with them shows us 60% in nationwide; the rate is higher in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Also it means that the lower their education backgrounds and living conditions are, the higher the rate is. ⑵ In their interests about pregnancy, “indifference” shows 58.3% ; the lower the educational and living status is, the higher the¬indifference of it is. ⑶ In the matter of mother’s nourishment afer pregnancy, the answer “no difference, as but usual” shows 46.3%. and the higher the education background is, the lower the rate is. According to their vocations, the farm workers shows a high rate and the teachers and clerks low one. 2) The Actual Status of the Educational Consideration for the Period of a new-born Child. ⑴ Mothers usually learn the ways to help their new-born children from “their mothers-in-law or their own mothers”. The rate is appeared in 65.6%. From schools or books, they learn very small; the rate shows 17.8% only. The high rate comes from the low education ed, and farm workers and shop keepers present 78% of the rate. 3) The Actual Status of Home Education for" a new-born Child. ⑴ The homes where the regular education is-preformed are in 25.5% in Korea. Regionally Seoul is the place with the highest rate of it. ⑵ The fathers' interests about their children’s. education are recorded as 25%. and the rate of it is higher in rural regions than in cities. ⑶ As well as their childrens bad habits are concerned, the response, “they” often use. tricks raises the rate of 42%, Chungnam and Gyugnam Provinces low the rate. ⑷ The nationwide rate of which they think the cause of their childrens problems is due to the circumstances around is appeared in 60%, and 22.3% in the order conditions like heredity etc. ⑸ A special course in teaching the children before school attendance: “drawing”, 37%, and Gyugnam Province is appeared in 49. 1%. Besides a very low late of 7% is appeared in Taegwondo, Hapgido, Dancing, Piano, etc. ⑹ About the instruction of subjects before school attendance: to teach to write and read the letters. in mathematics is 59.4%, and to teach the Korean language is 21. 7%. Region-ally Gyeungsangnam and bug do is comparatively high in the rate. ⑺ It is 52.2% that the children aren’t active with their fathers at home, and the others don’t care about it. Regionally the rate that they are not active is 56.6% at Gyungnarn Province. ⑻ The rate the children who like mothers better, is 55.8%, and fathers better is 27.5%. and grandparents, 11.0%.