ADHD 하위유형별 증상과 정서조절 능력과의 관계: 부/모 애착의 매개효과 검증

정지혜; 이종숙

서지반출

국문초록

DSM-Ⅳ 개정판(DSM-Ⅳ-TR, APA, 2002)에서는 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: 이하 ADHD)를 주의력 결핍 우세형(predominantly inattentive type), 과잉 행동-충동성 우세형(predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type), 복합형(combined type)으로 분류하 고 있는데, 복합형은 주의력 결핍형의 특성에 과잉행동 충동성이 복합적으로 공존하는 특 성을 보이는 유형이다. 이 세 가지 유형중 주의력 결핍 우세형과 복합형이 질적으로 다른 기저의 결함을 지니고 있다는 입장(Lathey, Pelham, Schaughency, Atkins, Murphy, Hynd, Russo, Hartdagen, & Lorys-Venen, 1988; Mcburnett, Pfiffner, & Frick, 2001)이 주목을 받고 있다. 이러한 입장을 지지하는 연구에 따르면, 복합형과 주의력 결핍 우세형은 행동특성, 사회관계, 주의 문제 등 여러 영역에서 차이를 보인다(Hartman, Willcutt, Rhee, & Pennington, 2004; McBurnett et al., 2001). Barkley(1990, 1997)는 주의결핍우세형 ADHD 아동과 복합형 ADHD 아동을 구 분하여 전자의 경우 방해자극을 무시하고 주의를 선택적으로 집중하는 것이 어려우며 정보 처리 속도가 느린 것이 주된 문제이고, 후자는 충동적인 행동 경향과 함께 일정하게 주의 를 지속시키는데 주된 어려움이 있다고 보았다. 이에 따라 두 유형이 질적으로 다른 장애 일 가능성을 제기하였다. 반면 과잉행동-충동성 우세형은 그 출현율이 낮을 뿐 아니라(de Nijs, Ferdinand & Verhulst, 2007; Elia, Arcos-Burgos, Bolton Ambrosini, Berrettini, & Muenke, 2009) 어린 나이에 나타나고, 나이가 들면서 주의력 결핍의 특징을 동반하게 되며 이후에는 복합형으로 나타나고 있다(Barkley, 1997). 이러한 이유로 인해 다른 두 하위 유형보다 주목 을 덜 받고 있다.

영문초록

The main purposes of this study were to examine differences in emotion regulation and parental attachment between two subtypes of ADHD and to investigate whether paternal and maternal attachment mediated the relationship between ADHD symptoms and emotion regulation. A total of 66 children (in grades 1-6) were diagnosed with ADHD based on the K-ARS(Korean ADHD Rating Scale) and were included in the present study. Participants were classified into one of two ADHD subtypes based on their ADHD diagnosis (33 children in each group). Children’s emotional regulation and their attachment to their mothers and fathers were measured with the ERC(Emotion Regulation Checklist) and IPPA-R(Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment), respectively to test whether parental attachment significantly mediated the relationship between ADHD symptoms and emotion regulation. Results revealed that paternal attachment partially mediated the relationship between hyperactivity/impulsiveness and adaptive emotion regulation; maternal attachment also partially mediated the relationship between hyperactivity/impulsiveness and maladaptive emotion regulation. These results suggest that the effects of ADHD symptoms on emotion regulation are modulated and can be modified by the quality of parental attachment.

키워드

ADHD 하위유형 ADHD subtype 정서조절 emotion regulation 부 애착 paternal attachment 모 애착 maternal attachment

참고문헌 (56건)

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