By the early twentieth century the works on the French counter-revolution were both scarce and of a highly political and polemical character. Especially historians who studied the peasants’ revolts in western France, depending on the statements of those who had participated themselves in the revolts or the repression, tended to identify with their political aims. However, in the twentieth century, historians increasingly attached importance to the class conflicts resulting from the particular economic structure and conditions of the uprising regions and owed the revolts to the peasants’ disappointment with revolutionary policies on taxes and religion. This point of view was especially dominant in a series of regional studies which developed greatly in 1960’s. The typical examples are the studies on Sarthe by P. Bois, on Maine-et-Loire by Ch. Tilly and on Vend?e by M. Faucheux. These studies investigating the origin and structural causes of the peasants’ revolts are far both from republican historiography emphasizing the aristocrats’ conspiracy and from royalist historiography asserting the peasants’ loyalty to the Ancien R?gime. In 1980’s appeared the studies which, free from an obsession with the problem of the origin and structure, payed attention to the process itself of the revolution and counter-revolution or to the political history of the counter-revolution. At the same time reappeared counter-revolutionary historiography which defined the repression of the counter-revolutionary revolts as ‘genocide.’ This historiography aroused a public interest in the counter-revolution thanks to favorable comments in the mass media. This article examined these studies on the French counter-revolution which showed various features and outcomes and tried to seek future courses of the research of the counter-revolution as another face of the revolution.