This study has analyzed the pattern on opportunity and inequality in early education before
elementary school enrollment by family background using Korean Labor and Income Panel
Study(KLIPS) data. Especially to explore longitudinal trends in the experience of preschool programs
by social class differentials, we compared the birth cohorts from 1991(15 years of age) to 1971(35
years of age) with pre-school aged children(0~5 years of age) between 2001(4th KLIPS) and
2008(11th KLIPS) using 'Youth Survey Module data' as an supplementary to its 9th(2006) annual
survey in KLIPS.
As a result of binary logit model analysis about KLIPS Youth Survey Module data, we found that
the family backgrounds were to very strongly influence the kindergarten enrollment and experience of
preschool private tutoring, except child care center. we concluded that social class differentials, as
measured by parental education level, have not decreased over time despite a rapid expansion of
education. Although The result of random effects panel logit model about KLPIS 2001-2008 data
showed that kindergarten enrollment and experience of preschool private tutoring was not affected by
family backgrounds, we found that the household income was to influence to it until year 2001, but
its effects disappeared if the model included the interaction terms between survey years and
household incomes. The periods, disappeared the effects of household incomes, correspond the starting
time of a huge financial investments in government as policy responses to low fertility and aging
society, and it showed the results that we weren't able to find the gap between social class in
preschool education and care. This results suggested a importance of longitudinal trends research,
analyze from the quantitative differentials in the experiences of the preschool education to qualitative
differentials