Researchers in this study implemented a basic learning ability improvement evaluation that considers the differences in the learning ability new students who are planning to enter a college-level division of health, in 2009. A total of 50 students participated in this program. After conducting the program, conclusions were derived regarding the effect of prior-knowledge on learning basic human biology and improving basic learning ability. The results show that completing Biology 1 and 2 in high school have significant effects on learning basic medicine for students who enter a health related course. It was found that the basic academic ability of students occur in the following order of increasing aptitude: students who did not completed Biology 1 and 2, students who completed Biology 1, and students who completed Biology 1 and 2. From analyzing the basic learning ability evaluation results according to whether students took the college scholastic ability test or not, there were significant differences between selecting biology courses and taking the test. In the test that the program was operated and conducted, there are significant differences in results between the group of students who did not complete Biology 1 and 2 and had the lowest marks and the students who completed biology and had marks in the mid-level range. In addition, there is a significant correlation between the results of basic academic ability evaluation and basic human biology scores. There is a tendency for higher basic academic ability to be followed by higher academic achievement in basic human biology. After taking the basic human biology program, students’ responses to the survey show the same tendencies not only in academic achievement indicating the effect of studying biology in high school but also the analysis of sensory level in basic human biology according to the level of completion in biology in high school. Such results show that we require alternatives for students who have not learned biology prior to entering college. Measuring tools with high reliability and validity, which can measure the level of students’ basic learning level, should be developed with the main contents focusing on what is required in health, organization of subjects, which can lead to a better approach to major subjects, understanding health, and following the development of textbooks. Students who did not complete biology may not be interested in basic human biology so various images and contents should be developed in order to attract students’ interests. A program for improving basic academic ability in biology-related subjects prior to entering college-level courses should be implemented for students who did not complete biology in high school and enter the Division of Health in college.