대학생들의 진로미결정과 진로결정 어려움 관련 정서·성격에 따른 잠재프로파일 분류 및 영향요인 검증

김민선

서지반출

국문초록

본 연구의 목적은 진로미결정과 진로결정 어려움 관련 정서 및 성격 요인을 구성하는 비관적 관점 (pessimistic view), 불안(anxiety), 자기개념 및 정체성(self-concept and identity)에 따라 대학생들이 몇 개의 잠재집단으로 분류될 수 있는지 확인하고, 인구통계(성별, 학년) 및 심리적 변인들(우유부단, 자아존중감, 정체성혼란)의 영향력을 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 대학생 260명을 대상으로 설문조사 를 하고, 잠재집단 분류를 위해 잠재프로파일 분석(Latent Profile Analysis)을 실시하였다. 연구결과 를 바탕으로 5개의 잠재계층 모형을 최적의 모형으로 선택하였으며 , 집단1(진로결정-적응 및 자기 확신 집단, n = 20, 8%), 집단2(진로미결정-발달적 갈등 집단, n = 54, 21%), 집단3(진로결정-확신 필요 집단, n = 113, 43%), 집단4(진로미결정-비관적 관념 및 불안 집단, n = 27, 11%), 집단5(진로 결정어려움-자기개념 및 정체성 혼란 집단, n = 43, 17%)로 명명하였다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 교 육과 상담에의 시사점을 논하였다.

영문초록

The purpose of this study is to identify latent profiles in career indecision and emotional and personality related career decision making difficulties among college students. Also, this study examines the relationship of the latent profiles to sex, grade, general indecision, identity status, and self-esteem on determining latent profiles. The results indicated that there were five types of latent profiles in career indecision and emotional and personality related career decision making difficulties: a career decision-adaptive and self-affirmation group, a career indecision-developmental indecision group, a career decision-need for self-affirmation group, a career indecision-pessimistic view and anxiety group, and a career indecision-self-concept and identity crisis group. It was found that the higher general indecision, identity diffusion, and self-esteem were more likely to belong to the career indecision-identity crisis group than other groups. The implication of the finding on practice for education and counseling South Korean college students are discussed.

키워드

대학생 진로미결정 진로결정의 어려움 관련 정서 및 성격 잠재프로파일 분석 College Students Career Indecision Emotional and Personality Related Career Decision Making Difficulties Latent Profile Analysis

참고문헌 (73건)

강광자(2008). 대학생의 불안이 진로결정 수준에 미치는 영향. 제주대학교 석사학위 논문. (Translated in English) Kang, K.J.(2008). The effects of college students' anxiety levels on career decision status. Unpublished master thesis, Cheju National University, Korea.
강신철(2013). 대학생의 자아분화가 진로미결정에 미치는 영향: 진로정체감의 매개효과. 광운대학교 석사학위 논문. (Translated in English) Kang, S.C.(2013). The Effects of Self-differentiation on College Students' Career Indecision: The Mediating Effect of Career Identity. Unpublished master thesis, Kwangwoon University, Korea.
공윤정(2011). 진로의사결정 과정에서 정서의 역할에 대한 탐색적 논의. 아시아교육연구, 15(1), 27-43. (Translated in English) Gong, Y.J.(2011). The role of emotion in career decision making process. Asian Journal of Education, 15(1), 27-43.
권미소․오인수(2015). 비합리적 신념과 진로성숙의 관계에서 내현적 자기애와 낙관성의 매개효과. 교육문제연구, 28(1), 29-52. (Translated in English) Kwon, M.S., & Oh, I.S.(2015). The relationships between covert narcissism and career indecision : the mediating effects of career belief. Journal of Research in Education, 54, 29-54.
권재기․김진호(2011). 청년기 직업결정의 변화양상에 따른 진로특성 변화 및 예측: 대학 4년간의 진로고민·고등학교 3학년 때의 진로특성. 직업능력개발연구, 14(1), 49-74. (Translated in English) Kwon, J.K., & Kim, J.H.(2011). The Change Tendency and The Prediction for Career Properties Following the Trajectory Classes of Job Decision in Adolescence: The Career Worry during College and The Career Properties during High School. Journal of Employment and Skills Development, 14(1), 49-74.
김경태(2003). 특성불안과 비합리적 신념이 진로 결정과 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향 : 4년제 대학생과 전문대학생의 비교. 전북대학교 석사학위 논문. (Translated in English) Kim, K.T.(2003). Comparison between the 4-year college students and the 2-year-college students. Unpublished master thesis, Chonbuk National University, Korea.
김계현․고홍원․김경은(2013). 대학생의 진로의사결정 상태의 하위유형 분석. 상담학연구, 14(6), 3633-3652. (Translated in English) Kim, K.H., Koh, H.W., Kim, K.E.(2013). Analysis of subtypes for career decision status of university students. Korean Journal of Counseling, 14(6), 3633-3652.
김기명(2010). 자기애와 역기능적 진로사고에 따른 진로미결정 연구. 고려대학교 석사학위 논문. (Translated in English) Kim, K.M.(2010). The relation between narcissism and dysfuctional career thoughts. Unpublished master thesis, Korea University, Korea.
김나래․이기학(2012). 대학생의 사회비교 경향성과 진로미결정의 관계: 자아존중감과 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움의 매개효과검증. 한국심리학회: 학교, 9(2), 175-191. (Translated in English) Kim, N.R., & Lee, K.H.(2012). The relationship between social comparison orientation and career indecision: Testing the mediating effects of self-esteem and fear of negative evaluation. The Korean Journal of School Psychology, 9(2), 175-191.
김민선․연규진(2014). 진로결정의 어려움 관련 정서 및 성격 척도의 한국 축소판 개발 및 타당화 연구: 대학생들을 대상으로. 진로교육연구, 27(3), 65-94. (Translated in English) Kim, M.S., & Yon, K.J.(2014). Development and validation of a Korean short version of the emotional and personality-related career decision making difficulties scale with college students. The Journal of Career Education Research, 27(3), 65-94.
김민정(2006). 불안과 진로결정 자기효능감이 진로결정 수준에 미치는 영향. 숙명여자대학교 석사학위 논문. (Translated in English) Kim, M.J.(2006). The effect of anxiety and career decision-making self-efficacy on career decision level. Unpublished master thesis, SookMyung University, Korea.
김영근(2005). 심리적 독립과 애착 및 상호의존이 진로미결정에 미치는 영향 : 직업적 자아 개념을 매개로. 충북대학교 석사학위 논문. (Translated in English) Kim, Y.K.(2005). Mediation through vocational self-concept for the effects of psychological separation, attachment, and interdependence on career indecision. Unpublished master thesis, Chonbuk National University, Korea.
김영근․강민철․조아라․이윤희(2011). 대학생의 애착, 진로결정 자기효능감, 진로미결정의 관계에서 심리적 독립과 우유부단의 조절효과. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 23(4), 995-1016. (Translated in English) Kim, Y.K., Kang, M.C., Cho, A.R., Lee, Y.H.(2011). The moderating effect of psychological separation and indecisiveness on the relations among attachment, career decision making self-efficacy and career indecision. The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 23(4), 995-1016.
김태석․이기학(2012). 대학생의 자기애 성향과 진로결정수준의 관계에서 진로결정자기효능감의 매개 효과. 아시아교육연구, 13(4), 123-141. (Translated in English) Kim, T.S., & Lee, K.H.(2012). The mediating effect of career decision making self-efficacy in the relation between narcissism and career decision level in college students. Asian Journal of Education, 13(4), 123-141.
노언경․정송․홍세희(2014). 잠재프로파일 분석을 통한 아동·청소년 비행 유형 분류 및 영향요인 검증. 한국청소년연구, 25(4), 211-240. (Translated in English) No, U.K., Jung, S., Hong, S.H.(2014). Classifying latent profiles in delinquency of children and adolescents and testing the effects of determinants. Studies on Korean Youth, 25(4), 211-240.
박미진․최인화․이재창(2001). 고등학생의 진로결정유형에 관한 연구. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 13(1), 125-146. (Translated in English) Park, M.J., Choi, I.H., & Lee, J.C.(2001). A study of clustering career indecision types for high school students. The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 13(1), 125-146.
백지숙(2007). 진로결정상태 유형에 따른 진로미결정 이유, 진로성숙도와 대학적응. 한국가정관리학회, 24(4), 1-10. (Translated in English) Beik, J.S.(2007) Reason for career indecisiveness, career maturity and college adaptation using a typology of career decision status. Journal of Korean Management Association, 24(4), 1-10.
송지은․이정윤(2014). 대학생의 성격 및 동기 변인에 기초한 군집유형별 진로준비행동에서의 차이. 상담학연구, 15(3), 1183-1198. (Translated in English) Song, J.E., & Lee, J.Y.(2014). Career preparation behavior differences on cluster types based on big five personality traits and achievement goal orientations among college students. The Korean Journal of Career Counseling, 15(3), 1183-1198.
이대용․류동희․김인환․고태용(2011). 한국대학생의 진로의식에 관한 연구. 취업진로연구, 1(2), 41-68. (Translated in English) Lee, D.Y., Yoo, D.H., Kim, I.H., & Ko, T.Y.(2011). Study on the career consciousness and the recognition of career development programs in local national university. The Journal of Employment and Career, 1(2), 41-68.
이수영․이영민(2009). 이공계 대학생의 진로결정 수준 및 진로준비 행동 분석. 한국공학교육연구, 12(3), 73-78. (Translated in English) Lee, S.Y., & Lee, Y.M.(2009). Analytical results of panel survey on the career decision level and career preparation behavior of college students majoring in science and engineering. Korea Research Institute for Vacational Education and Training, 12(3), 73-78.
이재창․최인화․박민진(2002). 역기능적 진로사고가 진로미결정에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 14(2), 401-414. (Translated in English) Lee, J.C., Choi, I.H., & Park, M.J.(2002). Effects of dysfunctional career thoughts on career indecision. The Korean Journal of Counseling Psychotherapy, 14(2), 401-414.
이영선․김정희․이영순(1999). 진로미결정에 대한 심리적 독립, 애착 및 특성불안의 관계. 상담학연구, 4(1), 137-161. (Translated in English) Lee, Y.S., Kim, J.H., & Lee, Y.S.(1999). The relationship of psychological separation, attachment and trait anxiety to career indecision. The Korean Journal of Career Counseling, 4(1), 137-161.
이예진․이기학(2009). 대학생의 모애착과 진로미결정의 관계 연구. 직업능력개발연구, 12(3), 47-70. (Translated in English) Lee, Y.J., & Lee, K.H.(2009). The relationship between attachment and career indecision: The mediating effect of socially prescribed perfectionism and the moderating effect of extrinsic work value. Vocational Ability Development Research, 12(3), 47-70.
이은희(2011). 대학생의 불안정 애착 및 자아정체성이 진로미결정에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회: 건강, 16(2), 401-425. (Translated in English) Lee, E.H.(2011). The impact of insecure attachment and ego identity on career indecision in college students. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 16(2), 401-425.
이현주(2000). 대학생의 진로결정 수준에 따른 인지양식 차이. 교육학연구, 38(1), 235-257. (Translated in English) Lee, H.J.(2000). The relationship between career decision level and cognitive styles. Korean Journal of Educational Research, 38(1), 235-257.
이훈진․원호택(1995). 편집증 척도의 신뢰도, 타당도 연구. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 14(1), 83-94. (Translated in English) Lee, H.J., & Won, H.T.(1995). A study of the reliability and the validity of the paranoia scale. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 14(1), 83-94.
어윤경(2011). 특성 불안이 대학생의 진로 미결정 수준에 미치는 효과: 진로정체감의 매개효과. 한국교육, 38(3), 163-182. (Translated in English) Au, Y.K.(2011). Mediating effect of career identity on a college student's anxiety and career indecision. Journal of Korean Education, 38(3), 163-182.
조애리․김계현(2011). 대학생의 정체성 지위에 따른 스트레스 대처전략의 차이. 상담학연구, 12(1), 283-300. (Translated in English) Cho, A.R., & Kim, K.H.(2011). Ego identity status and coping strategies of college students in Korea. Korean Journal of Counseling, 12(1), 283-300.
최정문(2013). 내현적 자기애가 진로미결정에 미치는 영향 : 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 자기개념 명료성의 매개효과 검증. 카톨릭대학교 석사학위 논문. (Translated in English) Choi, J.M.(2013). The impacts of covert narcissism on career indecision : testing the mediating effects of fear of negative evaluation and self-concept clarity. Unpublished master thesis, Catholic University, Korea.
최윤정(2015). 대학생 진로 문제의 개념화를 위한 진로 미결정의 잠재요인 탐색. 상담학 연구, 16(3), 175-194. (Translated in English) Choi, Y.J (2015). Exploration of latent factors of career indecision for conceptualizing career difficulties in college student. The Journal of Counseling, 16(3), 175-193.
하상희(2012). 남녀 대학생의 자기분화와 정신건강 및 진로미결정과의 관계. 한국가족관계학회지, 17(2), 177-195. (Translated in English) Ha, S.H.(2012). Relationships of self-differentiation with mental health and career indecision among male and female college students. The Journal of Family Relations, 17(2), 177-195.
Akaike, H.(1974). A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 19, 716-723.
Bennion, L.D., & Adams, G.R.(1986). A revision of the extended version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status: An identity instrument for use with late adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 1, 183–198.
Bergman, L.R., & Magnusson, D.(1997). A person-oriented approach in research on developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 291–319.
Blustein, D.L.(1987). Integrating career counseling and psychotherapy: A comprehensive treatment strategy. Psychotherapy, 24, 749-799.
Blustein, D.L., Devenis, L.E., & Kidney, B.A.(1989). Relationship between the identity formation process and career development. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36, 196-202.
Brown, S.D., & Krane, N.E.(2000). Four (or five) sessions and a cloud of dust: Old assumptions and new observations about career counseling. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of counseling psychology (pp. 740-766). New York: John Wiley.
Campagan, C.G., & Curtis, G.J.(2007). So worried I don’t know what to be: Anxiety is associated with increased career indecision and reduced career certainty. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 17(1), 91-96.
Chartrand, J. M., Martin, W., Robbins, S., & McAuliffe, G.(1994). Testing a level versus an interactional view of career indecision. Journal of Career Assessment, 2, 55-69.
Clark, S.L.(2010). Mixture modeling with behavioral data. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of California, Los Angeles, CA.
Cohen, C.R., Chartrand, J.M., & Jowdy, D.P.(1995). Relationship between career indecision subtypes and ego identity development. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(4), 440-447.
Creed, P., Prideaux, L.A., & Patton, W.A.(2005) Antecedents and consequences of career decisional states in adolescence: A longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67(3), 397-412.
Di Fabio, A., Palazzeschi, L., Asulin-Peretz, L., & Gati, I.(2013). Career indecision versus indecisiveness: Associations with personality traits and emotional intelligence. Journal of Career Assessment, 21, 42-56.
Frost, R.O., & Shows, R.L.(1993). The nature and measurement of compulsive indecisiveness. Behavior Research and Therapy, 31, 683-692.
Frost, R.O., & Gross, R.C.(1993). The hoarding of possessions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 31, 367–381.
Gold, J.M., & Scanlon, C.R.(1993). Psychological distress and counseling duration of career and noncareer clients. Career Development Quarterly, 42, 186–191.
Guay, F., Sene´cal, C., Gauthier, L., & Fernet, C.(2003). Predicting career indecision: A self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50(2), 165-177.
Guay, F., Ratelle, C.F., Sene´cal, C., Larose, S., & Deschenes, A.(2006). Distinguishing developmental from chronic career indecision: Self-efficacy, autonomy, and social support. Journal of Career Assessment, 14(2), 1-17.
Jeanne, M.H., & Luzzo, D.A.(2007). Mental health and career development of college students. Journal of Counseling & Development, 85, 143-148.
Jung, T., & Wickrama, K.A.S.(2008). An introduction to Latent Class Growth Analysis and Growth Mixture Modeling. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2, 302–317.
Kelly, K.R., & Shin, Y.J.(2009). Relation of neuroticism and negative career thoughts and feelings to lack of information. Journal of Career Assessment, 17(2), 201-213.
Kelly, K.R., & Pulver, C.A.(2003). Refining measurement of career indecision types: A validity study. Journal of Counseling and Development, 81, 445-454.
Magidson, J., & Vermunt, J.K.(2002). Latent class models for clustering: a comparison with K-means. Canadian Journal of Marketing Research, 20, 37-44.
Meldahl, J.M., & Muchinsky, P.M.(1997). The neurotic dimension of vocational indecision: Gender comparability? Journal of Career Assessment, 5, 317–331.
Multon, K.D., Heppner, M.J., Gysbers, N.C., Zook, C., & Ellis-Kalton, C.A.(2001). Client psychological distress: An important factor in career counseling. Career Development Quarterly, 49, 324-335.
Multon, K.D., Wood, R., Heppner, M.J., & Gysbers, N.C.(2007). A cluster-analytic investigation of subtypes of adult career counseling clients: Toward a taxonomy of career problems. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(1), 66-86.
Muthen, L., & Muthen, B.O.(2004): Mplus User’s Guide (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Muthen and Muthen.
Nylund, K. L., Asparouhov, T., &　Muthé, B. O. (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling, 14, 535-569.
Phillips, S.D., Friedlander, M.L., Kost, P., Specterman, R., & Robbins, R.(1988). Vocational versus personal focus in career counseling: A retrospective outcome study. Journal of Counseling and Development, 67, 169-173.
Puffer, K.A. (2011). Emotional intelligence as a salient predictor for collegian's career decision making. Journal of Career Assessment, 19(2), 130-150.
Rassin, E., & Muris, P.(2005). Why do women swear? An exploration of reasons for and perceived efficacy of swearing in Dutch female students. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 1669-1674.
Rosenberg, M.(1965). Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Sake, N., & Gati, I.(2007). Emotional and personality-related aspects of persistent career decision-making difficulties. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71, 340-358.
Saka, N., Gati, I., & Kelly, K.R.(2008). Emotional and personality-related aspects of career decision-making difficulties. Journal of Career Assessment, 16, 403-424.
Santos, P.J.(2000). Psychological Separation and Dimensions of Career Indecision in Secondary School Students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56, 346-362.
Santos, P.J.(2001). Predictors of generalized indecision among Portuguese secondary school students. Journal of Career Assessment, 9, 381-396.
Santos, P.J., Ferreira, J.A. & Gon¸calves, C.M.(2014). Indecisiveness and career indecision: A test of a theoretical model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(1), 106-114.
Schwarz, G.(1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6, 461-464.
Sclove S.L.(1987). Application of model-selection criteria to some problems in multivariate analysis. Psychometrika, 52, 333-343.
Swami, V., Sinniah, D., Subramaniam, P., Pillai, S.K., Kannan, K., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2008). An Exploration of the Indecisiveness Scale in Multiethnic Malaysia. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(3), 309-316.
Swanson, J.L., & O’Brien, K.M. (2002). Training career counselors: Meeting the challenges of clients in the 21st century. In S. G. Niles (Ed.), Adult career development: Concepts, issues and practices (pp. 354–69). Columbus, OH: National Career Development Association.
Tein, J.Y., Coxe, S., Cham, H.(2013). Statistical Power to Detect the Correct Number of Classes in Latent Profile Analysis. Structural Equation Modeling, 20(4), 640-657.
Wanberg, C.R., & Muchinsky, P.M.(1992). A typology of career decision status: Validity extension of the vocational decision status model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39, 71-80.

구매하기 (5,600)

장바구니

국문초록

영문초록

목차

키워드

참고문헌 (73건)