This study is designed to take a look at the psychological conditions of those refugees and the appearance of Korean society in their own eyes with a view to shedding light on what their psychological aspects have led to successful adaptation. The subjects accounted for 82 escapees from North Korea with the period of research ranging from January 20, 2003 to February 10, 2003. With a view to comparing the results with others, the researcher made a selection of 31 university students in South Korea. The researcher relied on the scale for individualism and collectivism developed by Triandis(1995), modifying a scale developed by Yi Jae-chang so as to measure the value orientation, personality traits and reality perception of the escapees. According to this survey, the refugees turned out to have the characteristics of individualism and collectivism. But the latter proved to be a little stronger than the former and the subjects formed a very positive view of themselves. And their generation gap existed at the level of personality characteristics, which seemed to be smaller than that of South Korea. And they formed a positive attitude toward the South, feeling that political control in the South was relatively higher than the North.