In July 2006, 47 books of the remaining ‘The Odaesan Mountain Edition(오대산본) of Chosun Sillok(조선실록)’ have been returned to Korea which had been kept at Tokyo University(동경대학) Library in Japan. This accomplishment was the result of the work of Monk Hye-moon(혜문스님) －he organized a preparation meeting for the return of those books on 29th January of that year, then officially launched the ‘Committee for Return of the Chosun Shillok(조선실록환수 위원회)’ at the committee room of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism(조계종 총무원) ,on third March of same year As soon as the mission lanched, the Committee sent an official letter to Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi requesting the return of the Sillok. Through several processes and problems, the Sillok finally came back to korea at Incheon Airport on 7th July via Asiana Airline OZ107 and OZ101. And the return has been completed after they have been received and registered at Seoul National University(서울대학교), Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies(규장각한국학연구원) on 14th July through the official receipt ceremony at 11 am. The Odaesan Mountain Edition of Chosun Sillok were stolen by Japanese during the Japanese Occupation, and kept in Japan for 93 years. They came back to korea after 4 and a half months of the campaign for the return of them. Soon after the return, Cultural Heritage Administration(문화재청) opened Cultural Heritage Committee’s (문화재위원회) National Treasure Subcommittee(국보지정분과위원회) to decide to have The Odaesan Mountain Edition of Chosun Sillok as National Treasure. After one month of notice period, it was confirmed as National Treasure No 151 at the second subcommittee meeting. The return of The Odaesan Mountain Edition of Chosun Sillok is like a dream come true. Especially it was campaigned against Japan which was reluctant to return any books or documents which represent the Japanese plundering Korea’s cultural assets during the Japanese Occupation. The return was a splendid achievement, especially when the Korean Government relinquished the right of the claim for our cultural heritage assets after 1965 Treaty between Korea and Japan(한일 협정) after receiving a nominal amount of compensation from Japan, so Koreans could not expect the return of them at the government level. This great achievement was possible due to the a monk Hye-moon who was dreaming of it and the ‘Committee for Return of the Chosun Shillok’. This study examined the problems arising during the process of the return of The Odaesan Mountain Edition of Chosun Sillok. The problems were brought when Seoul National University was ‘gifted’ those Sillok from Japan, rather than the Sillok being ‘returned’. We can learn the lessons from it and apply the lessons in the future return of other cultural assets.