This study verifies the effects of the daily stress of elderly one-person households on depression. Study subjects were 300 elderly people between May 1, 2018 and June 28, 2018 in the cities D and U, and the SPSS 22.0 statistics program was utilized for data analysis. Differences in daily stress according to gender and age, education level, religion, ailments and disabilities, and income were all significant. Although differences in daily stress according to age and education level, religion, ailments and disabilities, and income were significant, that according to gender was not significant with a significance level of 5%. Results of a multiple regression analysis on the effects of the daily stress of elderly one-person households on depression revealed that the higher the stress levels related to their financial problems, physical symptoms, and relationships, the higher the depression. This shows that stress is accompanied by depression. Therefore, this research examined the effects of daily stress on the depression of the elderly one-person household, and is considered as basic data to contribute to social welfare practice by raising the living happiness of elderly one-person household.