The purpose of the present study were as follows: First, we tested whether qualitative rating
on written expression has configural, metric, and scalar invariance across general students and low achieving students using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Second, we tried to
explore mean difference on qualitative factors across general students and low achieving
students through latent means analysis. Results showed that configural, metric and scalar
invariance of the qualitative rating. In the latent means analysis, general students showed
significantly higher latent mean values in qualitative rating on written expression than low
achievers. Finally, we discussed the implications and limitation of the study and future
research directions.