This study analyzed the STEAM characteristics and instruction-learning principles for students with
low achievement or learning disabilities in 2009-revised elementary textbooks and workbooks in
mathematics. A total of 85 elementary school teachers were participated in this survey for analyzing
the elementary textbooks and workbooks in mathematics. The results of the research question 1
indicated that the instruction-learning elements related to activity-typed convergence was not
frequently included compared with the concepts/inquiry process-typed and problem/phenomenontyped
convergence. Only the multi- disciplinary convergence was applied in the textbooks and
workbooks. Also, the personal-typed convergence was mostly included compared with societal-typed and
global-typed convergence. The results of the research question 2 indicated that the key knowledge was
cleared presented, but strategy, differences of similar concepts, and information for problem-solving were
not sufficiently included. Also, there were a lack of a variety of activities with practice problems,
real-life examples, or interesting contents. However, presenting too many activities in each chapter was
identified as a major problem in the textbooks and workbooks. Based on these results, suggestions of
future plans for developing elementary textbooks and workbooks considering mathematics learning of
students with low achievement or learning disabilities were discussed.