The scientific methodologies have been aggressively used to solve and forecast many complicated anxieties and problems of human beings in Social Works Research. The scientific methodologies have been preferred in terms of the objectivity in establishing the standards of human behaviors and presenting the results. However, the important fact in applying the scientific methodologies to Social Works Practice Field is that the clients should be researched being positioned in the center. It is necessary to find the method to reinforce the functions of the clients with them positioned in the center, not focusing only on the intervention measurement.
In this regard, this study proposes the concept and course of AR (Action Research) and PAR (Participatory Action Research) as one of clients-centered research approaches and one bridge to connect the theory with the price, aiming at looking for the possibility to apply these methods to Social Works Practice.
After the concept, history and performance process of AR and PAR were evaluated and the requirements and applications for AR and PAR in Social Works Practices were analyzed, it was recognized that AR and PAR have the advantages in the compatibility in requirements for Social Works Practices, matching with Community-based Generalist Practice, the integration of Research and Practice, and application of AR as a practice technology and etc.
The additional advantages, which were found in application of AR and PAR are that AR and PAR give the better understanding on the problems and desires of clients, the searching for the methods from various aspects and angles, the reflection and improvement of researchers, the function as the promoter of empowerment practice, the expandability of research, the expandability of community-based research, and the application to the efficient social welfare management systems and etc.
In the conclusion, this paper proposes 4 subjects to apply AR to Korean Social Work; the build-up of capability of field workers as researchers, the need for the cooperation of researchers, the incentive systems for field and practice centered researches, and the set-up for Korean AR Model.
Key Words: PAR; Participatory Action Research, AR; Action Research, social work practice