As the elderly population is continually increasing due to the aging society, the numbers of the dependent elderly who cannot maintain their daily livings alone and needs assistance are also increasing. Also the consequential social phenomenon from aging society such as dying alone, suicide, desertion or abandonment of the elderly are taking the attention of press as well as becoming the concern of the public, which is being recognized as a social problem needs the state’s intervention. This study is to identify causes affecting the life satisfaction of the elderly living alone, especially those recipients of the life management assistant dispatch project and its service, then to make recommendations of practical measures for the elderly welfare to improve the life satisfaction level. In order to achieve these objectives, this study took the data as its reference from a structured questionnaire survey for 600 elderly living alone who are the life management assistant service recipients provided by the Yong San City Elderly Welfare Center of Seoul. In July of 2008, the title of the project has changed to the Visiting Care Service along with commencement of the long term nursing insurance system for the elderly. In case of the visiting care, it is corresponding to the home care allowance, and as its major services, there are services like bathing, toilet use assistance, and clothes change help, hair washing, cooking, living goods shopping, cleaning and putting the home in order. These basic living assistance services can be considered as extension of home visit project. The life management assistant dispatch project for the elderly living alone aims to establish a social safety network for the elderly living alone through identifying their actual living conditions and welfare needs, executing safety management and living education as well as the elderly related health and welfare service networking activities. This project has begun in 2007 as the elderly welfare service and its two services, the visiting care service for the elderly living alone and the life management assistance service for the elderly living alone provide similar services and they have the same goal to improve the life satisfaction level of the elderly living alone. It is a fact that there is little study done for evaluate the service effectiveness such as how much these two service contribute to the goal achievement of improving life satisfaction level of the elderly living alone. Therefore further study is required to verify how the visiting care service and the life management assistant dispatch project influence life satisfaction level of the elderly living alone.