Australia is composed of five states and two territories: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, and Tasmania; Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory. The primary responsibility of managing educational system lies in states and territories in Australia. Yet, Commonwealth government exerts considerable influence on local educational system because the Commonwealth government is in charge of the national-level evaluation of local school systems and granting financial assistance to local schools. Special education law in Australia is two fold: Disability Discrimination Act and Disability Standards for Education. The category of learning disabilities is included in the two legislation, but the definition established by Commonwealth government for the purpose of providing financial assistance does not include learning disabilities. Instead, Commonwealth government has a variety of financial assistance programs to accomplish national goals to improve all students\' literacy abilities. In Australia the term “learning difficulties” is most commonly used for learning disabilities with some variations depending on states and territories. All students with learning difficulties tend to be included in the category of learning difficulties, and the prevalence ranges from 10-20%. Detailed information on educational services for these students is provided. Key words : Australia, Special education, Learning Disabilities, Learning Difficulties, Disability Discrimination Act, Disability Standards for Education 2005